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РЖ ВИНИТИ 34 (BI14) 95.12-04Б4.513

Evolution de la sensibilite a la penicilline G: De Streptococcus pneumoniae au CHU de Limoges [Text] : reun. interdisciplin. chimother. anti-infect., Paris, 1-2 dec., 1994 / M. C. Ploy [et al.] // Pathol. Biol. - 1995. - Vol. 43, N 4. - P241-244 . - ISSN 0369-8114
Перевод заглавия: Изменение чувствительности к пенициллину G у Streptococcus pneumoniae в госпитале Limoges
Аннотация: A systematic detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin has been realized at Limoges Hospital during two years half. Of 302 strains isolated, 27 had reduced susceptibility to penicillin (8,9%), and, for 15 strains (5%), the MIC of penicillin G reached at least 2 mg/l. The frequency of strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin increased from 1992 to 1994: 8,2% in 1992, 8,7% in 1993 and 12,2% in 1994. The resistance level exhibited by pneumococcus strains increased since 1992: the percentage of resistant strains (MIC mg/l 1) was 2,7% in 1992, 6,9% in 1993 and 7,3% in 1994. Most of the strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin belonged to serotype 23 (52%) and were isolated from blood cultures, cerebral-spinal or pleural fluids (41%).

ГРНТИ	34.27.29

ВИНИТИ 341.27.29.25.07
Рубрики: STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE (BACT.)
АНТИБИОТИКОЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
ПЕНИЦИЛЛИНЫ G
ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
РАЗВИТИЕ

Доп.точки доступа:
Ploy, M.C.; Beaudouin, C.M.; Mounier, M.; Denis, F.

РЖ ВИНИТИ 34 (BI14) 96.01-04Б4.153

Zygmunt, Deborah J.
Characterization of four 'бета'-lactamases produced by Staphylococcus aureus [Text] / Deborah J. Zygmunt, Charles W. Stratton, Douglas S. Kernodle // Antimicrob. Agents and Chemother. - 1992. - Vol. 36, N 2. - P440-445 . - ISSN 0066-4804
Перевод заглавия: Характеристика четырех 'бета'-лактамаз, продуцируемых Staphylococcus aureus
Аннотация: Staphylococcus aureus produces four types of 'бета'-lactamase (A, B, C, and D). To investigate the effect of specific 'бета'-lactamase type upon staphylococcal resistance, each 'бета'-lactamase was purified to homogeneity, and the Michaelis constants (K[m] values) and turnover numbers (k[cat] values) for various penicillin and cephalosporin substrates were determined. Whereas K[m] values of the four 'бета'-lactamases were comparable for penicillin G, cephalothin, and cefamandole, the type A and D enzymes exhibited greater affinity than the type B and C 'бета'-lactamases for nitrocefin, cefazolin, and cephapirin. Conversely, the type B and C 'бета'-lactamases exhibited greater k[cat] values than the type A and D enzymes against most of the cephalosporin agents, excluding nitrocefin. In contrast to earlier reports suggesting that the type B 'бета'-lactamase is relatively inefficient in hydrolyzing penicillin G, we found only minor differences in the specific activities and k[cat] values of the type A, B, and C 'бета'-lactamases. The type D 'бета'-lactamase was distinctly less active against penicillin G, however, exhibiting only 15 to 25% of the k[cat] values of the other 'бета'-lactamases. More than a 2,000-fold difference between the relative efficiencies of hydrolysis (k[cat]/K[m]) of cefazolin and cefuroxime by the type A 'бета'-lactamase exists. This greatly exceeds the 60-fold difference in the stability of penicillin G and cefazolin with the same enzyme. Whereas the isoelectric points of the type A, B, and C 'бета'-lactamases were similar, the value for the type D 'бета'-lactamase was distinguishably lower (10.1 for types A, B, and C and 9.7 for type D). We conclude that marked differences in the stability of commonly used 'бета'-lactams to hydrolysis by the staphylococcal 'бета'-lactamases are present. This heterogeneity and the clinical implications thereof need to be considered in the antibiotic management of staphylococcal infection

ГРНТИ	34.27.29

ВИНИТИ 341.27.29.07.19.09
Рубрики: STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (BACT.)
'БЕТА'-ЛАКТАМАЗЫ
ПРОДУКЦИЯ
АНТИБИОТИКОУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ
МЕХАНИЗМЫ
ПЕНИЦИЛЛИНЫ G

Доп.точки доступа:
Stratton, Charles W.; Kernodle, Douglas S.

РЖ ВИНИТИ 34 (BI14) 96.01-04Б4.315

Susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria isolated from animals with ovine foot rot to 28 antimicrobial agents [Text] / Segundo Piriz [et al.] // Antimicrob. Agents and Chemother. - 1992. - Vol. 36, N 1. - P198-201 . - ISSN 0066-4804
Перевод заглавия: Чувствительность к 28 антибиотикам анаэробных бактерий, выделенных от животных с гнойными поражениями ног
Аннотация: The agar dilution method was used to determine the inhibitory activities of 28 antimicrobial agents against 35 strains of the genus Peptostreptococcus, 4 strains of the species Peptococcus niger, 20 strains of the species Megasphaera elsdenii, 7 strains from the species Acidaminococcus fermentans, 8 strains of the genus Clostridium, 11 strains of the genus Eubacterium, and 1 strain of the species Propionibacterium acidipropionici, all of which were isolated from 125 clinical cases of ovine foot rot between January 1987 and December 1988. The three ureidopenicillins studied proved to be the most active antimicrobial agents, with a high percentage of strains being susceptible at a concentration of 64 'мю'g/ml. Penicillin G, ampicillin, and the three cephalosporins studied also had good activity. Fosfomycin showed a high degree of activity among the 116 anaerobic bacteria tested

ГРНТИ	34.27.29

ВИНИТИ 341.27.29.25.07
Рубрики: АНАЭРОБНЫЕ БАКТЕРИИ
АНТИБИОТИКОЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
ПЕНИЦИЛЛИНЫ G
АМПИЦИЛЛИНЫ
ГНОЙНЫЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЯ
ОВЦЫ

Доп.точки доступа:
Piriz, Segundo; Cuenca, Rafaela; Valle, Jorge; Vadillo, Santiago

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