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Вид документа : Статья из журнала

РЖ ВИНИТИ 15 (BI44) 96.09-04П1.61

Автор(ы) : Schraw, Gregory, Dunkle Michael E., Bendixen Lisa D.
Заглавие : Cognitive processes in well-defined and ill-defined problem solving
Источник статьи : Appl. Cogn. Psychol. - 1995. - Vol. 9, N 6. - С. 523-538
Аннотация: We investigated the relationship between two kinds of problem solving using Kitchener's model of hierarchical cognitive processing. We predicted that performance on well-defined problems (i. e. those with a single, guaranteed solution) would be independent of ill-defined problems (i. e. those with multiple, non-guaranteed solutions). We also predicted that self-reported epistemic beliefs (i. e. assumptions about the nature and acquisition of knowledge) would be related to ill-defined, but not well-defined, solutions. Results confirmed these predictions. We concluded that well-defined and ill-defined problems require separate cognitive processes and that epistemic beliefs play an important role in ill-defined problem solving. These findings supported Kitchener's three-level model of problem solving. США, Dep. of Educational Psychol., 1313 Seaton Hall, The Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, USA. Библ. 33
ГРНТИ : 15.21.41
Предметные рубрики: ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ
ИЕРАРХИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ
РЕШЕНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
ПОСТАНОВКА ПРОБЛЕМЫ
ЧЕЛОВЕК
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала

РЖ ВИНИТИ 15 (BI44) 96.12-04П1.79

Автор(ы) : Schraw, Gregory
Заглавие : Measures of feeling-of-knowing accuracy: A new look at an old problem
Источник статьи : Appl. Cogn. Psychol. - 1995. - Vol. 9, N 4. - С. 321-332
Аннотация: Two ordinal measures of feeling-of-knowing performance appropriate for n * n data arrays are reviewed. Goodman and Kruskal's gamma provides a measure of association between recognition performance and feeling-of-knowing judgements. The Hamann coefficient provides a measure of agreement accuracy. The relative strengths and weaknesses of each measure are compared at length. A proof is provided, which reveals a lack of one-to-one relation between the two and suggests that they may be independent under most circumstances. It is concluded that both measures should be reported together as complementary indices as each captures a different facet of feeling-of-knowing performance. Alternative measures for gamma and the Hamann coefficient are considered and a number of recommendations are made for future research. США, Dep. of Educational Psychology, 1313 Seaton Hall, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0641. Библ. 6
ГРНТИ : 15.21.69
Предметные рубрики: ОБУЧЕНИЕ
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ
УЗНАВАНИЕ
ОЩУЩЕНИЕ ЗНАЕМОГО
ПСИХОМЕТРИЯ
ЧЕЛОВЕК
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